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Organization on Unix file systems (Linux/Mac) 

There are two ways of storing openBVE files on your hard disk.

 Store the data inside your home directory 
Simply download and extract the downloaded package into a folder with full write access, e.g. your home directory. From there, you can at any time download new versions and replace existing files. This organization method is the same as on Windows.

 Using the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard 
If you want to employ the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, e.g. for including the data in a distribution or wrapping it up in a package management system, then be aware of the following things:

First of all, openBVE must be started with the following command line argument:
OpenBve.exe /fhs

Then, openBVE will access data files stored in the following locations:

ComponentLocationIncluded files and folders
BinaryWhere desired, e.g.:
/usr/bin
OpenBve.exe
SettingsLet appdata be the folder referenced by either:
  The XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment variable
  The .config file
Then settings are stored in:
appdata/OpenBve
controls.cfg, log.bin, options.cfg
Data/usr/share/games/OpenBve/Dataicon.bmp, Compatibility, Languages, ...
Lookup folder for open dialogs~ (home directory)Railway, Train, ...

Using the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, if newer versions of openBVE are released, you can either wait for someone to wrap up the official package into an automated update, or download the official package yourself and copy the included files into their appropriate locations manually (demanding full write access where applicable).